|
Measures and dimensions in conformal dynamics
Author(s):
Mariusz
Urbanski
Journal:
Bull. Amer. Math. Soc.
40
(2003),
281-321.
MSC (2000):
Primary 35F35, 37D35;
Secondary 37F15, 37D20, 37D25, 37D45, 37A40, 37A05
Posted:
April 8, 2003
Retrieve article in:
PDF DVI PostScript
Abstract |
References |
Similar articles |
Additional information
Abstract:
This survey collects basic results concerning fractal and ergodic properties of Julia sets of rational functions of the Riemann sphere. Frequently these results are compared with their counterparts in the theory of Kleinian groups, and this enlarges the famous Sullivan dictionary. The topics concerning Hausdorff and packing measures and dimensions are given most attention. Then, conformal measures are constructed and their relations with Hausdorff and packing measures are discussed throughout the entire article. Also invariant measures absolutely continuous with respect to conformal measures are touched on. While the survey begins with facts concerning all rational functions, much time is devoted toward presenting the well-developed theory of hyperbolic and parabolic maps, and in Section 3 the class NCP is dealt with. This class consists of such rational functions that all critical points of which are contained in the Julia set of are non-recurrent. The NCP class comprises in particular hyperbolic, parabolic and subhyperbolic maps. Our last section collects some recent results about other subclasses of rational functions, e.g. Collet-Eckmann maps and Fibonacci maps. At the end of this article two appendices are included which are only loosely related to Sections 1-4. They contain a short description of tame mappings and the theory of equilibrium states and Perron-Frobenius operators associated with Hölder continuous potentials.
References:
-
- [ADU]
-
J. Aaronson, M. Denker, M. Urbanski, Ergodic theory
for Markov fibred
systems and parabolic rational maps, Transactions
of A.M.S. 337 (1993), 495-548. MR
94g:58116
- [Bea]
-
A.F. Beardon, Iteration of Rational Functions,
Springer-Verlag, New
York, 1991. MR
92j:30026
- [Bes]
-
A.S. Besicovitch, `Sets of fractional dimension(IV):
On rational
approximation to real numbers',
Jour. London Math. Soc. 9 (1934), 126-131.
- [BJ]
-
C. Bishop, P. Jones, Hausdorff dimension and Kleinian
groups, Acta
Math. 179 (1997), 1-39. MR
98k:22043
- [BZ]
-
O. Bodart, M. Zinsmeister, Quelques resultats
sur la dimension de
Hausdorff des ensembles polynomes quadratiques,
Fund. Math. 151
(1996), 121-137. MR
97i:30034
- [Bo1]
-
R. Bowen, Hausdorff dimension of quasi-circles,
Publ. Math. IHES, 50
(1979), 11-25. MR
81g:57023
- [Bo2]
-
R. Bowen, Equilibrium states and the ergodic
theory for Anosov diffeomorphisms. Lect. Notes
in Math. 470,
Springer, 1975. MR
56:1364
- [BS]
-
R. Bowen, C. Series, Markov maps associated with
Fuchsian groups,
Publ. Math. IHES 50 (1979), 153-179. MR
81b:58026
- [BK]
-
M. Brin, A. Katok, On local entropy, in Geometric
Dynamics,
Lect. Notes in Math. 1007 (1983), 30-38, Springer
Verlag. MR
85c:58063
- [By]
-
J. Byrne, Multifractal analysis of parabolic rational
maps, Ph.D
thesis, Univ. of North Texas (1998).
- [Ca]
-
L. Carleson, On the support of harmonic measure
for sets of Cantor type, Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn.
10 (1985), 113-123.
MR
87b:31002
- [CG]
-
L. Carleson, T.W. Gamelin, Complex Dynamics, Springer-Verlag,
New York, 1993. MR
94h:30033
- [CJY]
-
L. Carleson, P. W. Jones, J.-Ch. Yoccoz, Julia
and John, Bol. Soc. Bras.
Mat. 25 (1994), 1-30. MR
95d:30040
- [DMNU]
-
M. Denker, D. Mauldin, Z. Nitecki, M. Urbanski,
Conformal
measures for rational functions revisited, Fundamenta
Math. 157
(1998), 161-173. MR
99j:58122
- [DPU]
-
M. Denker, F. Przytycki, M. Urbanski, On the
transfer operator for
rational functions on the Riemann sphere, Ergod.
Th. and Dynam.
Sys. 16 (1996), 255-266. MR
97e:58197
- [DR]
-
M. Denker, S. Rohde, On Hausdorff Measures
and SBR Measures for Parabolic Rational Maps,
Internat. J. Bifur. Chaos Appl. Sci. Engrg. 9
(1999), no. 9, 1763-1769.
MR
2001k:37070
- [DU1]
-
M. Denker, M. Urbanski, On the existence of conformal
measures, Trans.
A.M.S. 328 (1991), 563-587. MR
92k:58155
- [DU2]
-
M. Denker, M. Urbanski, On Sullivan's conformal
measures for
rational maps of the Riemann sphere, Nonlinearity
4 (1991), 365 - 384.
MR
92f:58097
- [DU3]
-
M. Denker, M. Urbanski, Hausdorff and conformal
measures on Julia sets
with a rationally indifferent periodic point,
J. London Math. Soc. 43 (1991),
107-118. MR
92k:58153
- [DU4]
-
M. Denker, M. Urbanski, On absolutely continuous
invariant measures for
expansive rational maps with rationally indifferent
periodic points, Forum
Math. 3(1991), 561-579. MR
92k:58154
- [DU5]
-
M. Denker, M. Urbanski, The capacity of parabolic
Julia sets, Math.
Zeitsch. 211, (1992), 73-86. MR
93j:30022
- [DU6]
-
M. Denker, M. Urbanski, Geometric measures for
parabolic rational maps,
Ergod. Th. and Dynam. Sys. 12 (1992), 53-66. MR
93d:58133
- [DU7]
-
M. Denker, M. Urbanski, On Hausdorff measures
on Julia sets of
subexpanding rational maps, Israel J. of Math.
76 (1991), 193-214.
MR
93g:58078
- [DU8]
-
M. Denker, M. Urbanski, Ergodic theory of Equilibrium
states for rational
maps, Nonlinearity 4 (1991), 103-134. MR
92a:58112
- [DH1]
-
A. Douady, J.H. Hubbard, Etude dynamique des polynomes
complexes I,II,
Publications mathematique d'Orsay 84-2, 1984;
85-4, 1985. MR
87f:58072a;
MR
87f:58072b
- [DH2]
-
A. Douady, J.H. Hubbard, A proof of Thurston's
topological characterization of
rational functions, Acta Math. 171.2 (1993), 263-297.
MR
94j:58143
- [DSZ]
-
A. Douady, P. Sentenac, M. Zinsmeister, Implosion
parabolique et
dimension de Hausdorff, C. R. Acad. Sci, Paris,
325 (Serie 1) (1997),
765-772. MR
98i:58195
- [Fa]
-
K. Falconer, Fractal geometry, Mathematical Foundations
and
Applications, John Wiley & Sons, 1990.
MR
92j:28008
- [FLM]
-
A. Freire; A. Lopes; R. Mañé:
An invariant measure for rational maps, Bol.
Soc. Bras. Mat. 14
(1983), 45-62. MR
85m:58110b
- [Ge]
-
L. Geyer, Porosity of parabolic Julia sets, Complex
Variables Theory
Appl. 39 (1999), 191-198. MR
2000e:37055
- [Go]
-
M.I. Gordin, The central limit theorem for stationary
processes.
Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 188 (1969), 1174-1176. MR
40:5012
- [GS1]
-
J. Graczyk, S. Smirnov, The Fibonacci Julia set,
conformal measures
and Hausdorff dimension, Preprint.
- [GS2]
-
J. Graczyk, S. Smirnov, Collet, Eckmann and Hölder,
Invent. Math. 133 (1998), 69-96. MR
2000a:37029
- [Gr]
-
M. Gromov, On the entropy of holomorphic maps,
Preprint IHES.
- [GPS]
-
P. Grzegorczyk, F. Przytycki, W. Szlenk, On iterations
of Misiurewicz's
rational maps on the Riemann sphere, Ann. Inst.
Henri Poincaré, 53
(1990), 431-434. MR
92d:30017
- [Gu]
-
M. de Guzmán, Differentiation of integrals
in
.
Lect. Notes in Math. 481, Springer Verlag, 1975.
MR
56:15866
- [HK]
-
B. Hasselblatt, A. Katok, Introduction to the
modern theory of
dynamical systems, Encyclopedia of Mathematics
and its Applications
54, Cambridge University Press, 1995. MR
96c:58055
- [Ha]
-
G. Havard, Mesures invariantes pour les fractions
rationnelles
geometriquement finies, Fund. Math. 160 (1999),
39-61. MR
2000h:37068
- [Hay]
-
N. Haydn, Convergence of the transfer operator
for rational maps,
Ergodic Theory Dynam. Systems 19 (1999), 657-669.
MR
2000f:37055
- [HH]
-
D. Heicklen, C. Hoffman, Rational maps are
-adic Bernoulli, Ann. of Math.
(2) 156 (2002), 103-114.
- [HS]
-
S. Heinemann, B. Stratmann, Hausdorff dimension
2 for Julia sets of
quadratic polynomials, Math. Z. 237 (2001), 571-583.
MR
2002d:37079
- [HV]
-
R. Hill, S. Velani, Metric Diophantine approximation
in Julia sets of
expanding rational maps, Publ. Math. 85 (1997),
193-216. MR
99b:58143
- [Ja]
-
V. Jarník, Diophantische Approximationen
and Hausdorff Mass,
Mathematicheskii Sbornik 36 (1929), 371-382.
- [JM]
-
P. Jones, N. Makarov, Density properties of harmonic
measure, Ann. of
Math. 142 (1995), 427-455. MR
96k:30027
- [KS]
-
M. Kesseböhme, B. Stratmann, A multifractal
analysis for growth rates
and applications to geometrically finite Kleinian
groups, Preprint 2001.
- [KR]
-
P. Koskela, S. Rohde, Hausdorff dimension and
mean porosity,
Math. Ann. 309 (1997), 593-609. MR
98k:28004
- [Ly1]
-
M. Lyubich, On a typical behaviour of trajectories
for a rational map of
sphere, Dokl. Ak. N. U.S.S.R. 268 (1982), 29-32.
MR
84f:30036
- [Ly2]
-
M. Lyubich, Entropy properties of rational endomorphisms
of the
Riemann sphere. Ergod. Th. Dynam. Sys. 3 (1983),
351-386. MR
85k:58049
- [Ma1]
-
R. Mané, The Hausdorff dimension of invariant
probabilities of rational
maps, Dynamical Systems, Valparaiso 1986, Lect.
Notes in Math. 1331,
Springer-Verlag (1988), 86-117. MR
90j:58073
- [Ma2]
-
R. Mané, On a theorem of Fatou. Bol.
Soc. Brasil. Mat. 24 (1993),
1-12. MR
94g:58188
- [Ma3]
-
R. Mané, On the uniqueness of the maximizing
measure for rational
maps, Bol. Soc. Bras. Mat. 14 (1983), 27-43. MR
85m:58110a
- [Ma4]
-
R. Mané, On the Bernoulli property of
rational maps. Ergod. Th. Dynam. Sys. 5 (1985),
71-88. MR
86i:58082
- [MM]
-
A. Manning, H. McCluskey, Hausdorff dimension
for horseshoes, Ergod. Th.
and Dynam. Sys. 3 (1983), 251-260. MR
85j:58127
- [Man]
-
A. Manning, The dimension of a maximal measure
for a
polynomial map, Ann. of Math. (2) 119 (1984),
425-430. MR
85i:58068
- [Mar]
-
M. Martens, The existence of
-finite invariant measures,
Applications to
real one-dimensional dynamics, Preprint SUNY Stony
Brook IMS preprint 1992/1.
- [Mat]
-
P. Mattila, Geometry of sets and measures in euclidean
spaces, Cambridge Studies in Advanced Mathematics
44, Cambridge
University Press, 1995. MR
96h:28006
- [May]
-
V. Mayer, Private communication, 2001.
- [Mc1]
-
C. McMullen, Hausdorff dimension and conformal
dynamics II:
Geometrically finite rational maps, Comment. Math.
Helv. 75 (2000), 535-593.
MR
2001m:37089
- [Mc2]
-
C. McMullen, Self-similarity of Siegel disks and
Hausdorff dimension of
Julia sets, Acta Math. 180 (1998), 247-292.
MR
99f:58172
- [Mc3]
-
C. McMullen, Hausdorff dimension and conformal
dynamics III: Computation
of dimension, Amer. J. Math. 120 (1998), 691-721.
MR
2000d:37055
- [Mi]
-
M. Misiurewicz, Topological conditional entropy.
Studia Math. 55
(1976), 175-200. MR
54:3672
- [Pa1]
-
S. J. Patterson, The limit set of a Fuchsian group,
Acta Math. 136
(1976), 241-273. MR
56:8841
- [Pa2]
-
S. J. Patterson, Lectures on measures on limit
sets of Kleinian
groups, in Analytical and geometric aspects of
hyperbolic space,
London Math. Soc., Lecture Notes 111, Cambridge
Univ. Press, 1987.
MR
89b:58122
- [Pe]
-
Ya. Pesin, Dimension theory in dynamical systems,
University of Chicago
Press (1997). MR
99b:58003
- [PW]
-
Ya. Pesin, H. Weiss, The multifractal analysis
of Gibbs measures:
Motivation, Mathematical foundation and examples,
Chaos 7:1 (1997),
89-106. MR
98e:58130
- [Pra]
-
E. Prado, Teichmüller distance for some
polynomial-like maps,
SUNY Stony Brook IMS preprint 1996/2, revision
1997.
- [Pr1]
-
F. Przytycki, Lyapunov characteristic exponents
are
non-negative. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 119.1 (1993),
309-317. MR
93k:58193
- [Pr2]
-
F. Przytycki, Hausdorff dimension of harmonic
measure on the boundary of
an attractive basin for a holomorphic map, Invent.
Math. 80 (1985), 169-171.
MR
86g:30035
- [Pr3]
-
F. Przytycki, Iterations of holomorphic Collet-Eckmann
maps:
conformal and invariant measures. Trans. AMS 350.2
(1998), 717-742.
MR
98d:58155
- [Pr4]
-
F. Przytycki, On measure and Hausdorff dimension
of Julia sets
for holomorphic Collet-Eckmann maps,
International conference on dynamical systems,
Montevideo 1995, Pitman Research Notes in Math.
362 (1996), 167-181.
MR
98i:58198
- [Pr5]
-
F. Przytycki, Sullivan's classification of conformal
expanding
repellers, Preprint 1991, to appear in the book
``Fractals in the
plane - ergodic theory methods'' by F. Przytycki
and M. Urbanski.
- [Pr6]
-
F. Przytycki, On the Perron-Frobenius-Ruelle
operator for rational
maps on the Riemann sphere and for Hölder
continuous functions. Bol. Soc.
Bras. Mat. 20 (1990), 95-125. MR
93b:58120
- [PR]
-
F. Przytycki and S. Rohde, Porosity of Collet-Eckmann
Julia sets.
Fund. Math. 155 (1998), 189-199. MR
2000b:37047
- [PU1]
-
F. Przytycki, M. Urbanski, Fractals in the Plane
- the Ergodic Theory
Methods, available on the
web:http://www.math.unt.edu/$\tilde$urbanski,
to appear in Cambridge Univ. Press.
- [PU2]
-
F. Przytycki, M. Urbanski, Rigidity of tame rational
functions,
Bull. Pol. Acad. Sci., Math., 47.2 (1999), 163-182.
MR
2000i:37065
- [PU3]
-
F. Przytycki, M. Urbanski, Porosity of Julia sets
of non-recurrent
and parabolic Collet-Eckmann rational functions,
Ann. Acad. Fenn. 26
(2001), 125-154. MR
2002b:37063
- [PUZ,
I]
-
F. Przytycki, M. Urbanski,
A. Zdunik, Harmonic, Gibbs and Hausdorff measures
on repellers for
holomorphic maps I, Ann. of Math. 130 (1989),
1-40. MR
91i:58115
- [PUZ,
II]
-
F. Przytycki, M. Urbanski,
A. Zdunik, Harmonic, Gibbs and Hausdorff measures
on repellers for
holomorphic maps II, Studia Math. 97 (1991), 189-225.
MR
93d:58140
- [RT]
-
C. Rogers, S. Taylor, Functions continuous and
singular with respect to
a Hausdorff measure, Mathematika, 8 (1961), 1-31.
MR
24:A200
- [Ru]
-
D. Ruelle, Thermodynamic formalism, Encyclopedia
of Math. and
Appl., vol. 5, Addison - Wesley, Reading, Mass.,
1978. MR
80g:82017
- [Sc1]
-
F. Schweiger: Number theoretical endomorphisms
with
-finite
invariant measures. Isr. J. Math. 21 (1975), 308-318.
MR
52:5608
- [Sc2]
-
F. Schweiger, Ergodic Theory of Fibred Systems
and Metric
Number Theory, Oxford Sci. Publ., Oxford University
Press, New York, 1995.
MR
97h:11083
- [Sh]
-
M. Shishikura, The Hausdorff Dimension of the
Boundary of the
Mandelbrot Set and Julia Sets, Ann. of Math. 147
(1998), 225-267.
MR
2000f:37056
- [Si]
-
C. L. Siegel, Iteration of analytic functions,
Ann. of Math. 43
(1942), 607-612. MR
4:76c
- [Sm]
-
S. Smirnov, Spectral Analysis of Julia sets, Thesis
(1996).
- [St1]
-
B. Stratmann, Fractal dimensions for Jarnik limit
sets of geometrically finite
Kleinian groups; the semi-classical
approach, Ark. för Mat. 33 (1995), 385-403.
MR
97a:30056
- [St2]
-
B. Stratmann, Weak singularity spectra of the
Patterson measure for
geometrically finite Kleinian groups with parabolic
elements,
Michigan Math. J. 46 (1999), 573-587. MR
2001a:37059
- [SU1]
-
B. O. Stratmann, M. Urbanski, The Geometry of
Conformal Measures for
Parabolic Rational Maps, Math. Proc. Cambridge
Phil. Soc. 128 (2000),
141-156. MR
2000i:37066
- [SU2]
-
B. O. Stratmann, M. Urbanski, Jarnik and Julia;
a Diophantine
analysis for parabolic rational maps, Math. Scan.
91 (2002), 27-54.
- [SU3]
-
B. O. Stratmann, M. Urbanski, The box-counting
dimension for
geometrically finite Kleinian
groups, Fundamenta Mathematica 149 (1996), 83-93.
MR
96m:30062
- [SU4]
-
B. O. Stratmann, M. Urbanski, Metrical Diophantine
analysis for tame
parabolic iterated function systems, Preprint
2000.
- [SV]
-
B. O. Stratmann, S. Velani, The Patterson measure
for geometrically
finite groups
with parabolic elements, new and old, Proc. London
Math. Soc.
71 (1995) page 197-220. MR
97f:58023
- [Su1]
-
D. Sullivan, Seminar on conformal and hyperbolic
geometry. Preprint IHES
(1982).
- [Su2]
-
D. Sullivan, Conformal dynamical systems. In:
Geometric dynamics,
Lect. Notes in Math. 1007, Springer Verlag (1983),
725-752. MR
85m:58112
- [Su3]
-
D. Sullivan, Quasiconformal homeomorphisms in
dynamics, topology, and
geometry, Proc. Internat. Congress of Math., Berkeley,
Amer. Math. Soc., 1987,
1216-1228. MR
90a:58160
- [Su4]
-
D. Sullivan, The density at infinity of a discrete
group, Inst. Hautes
Etudes Sci. Pub. Math. 50 (1979). MR
81b:58031
- [Su5]
-
D. Sullivan, Entropy, Hausdorff measures old and
new, and limit
sets of geometrically finite Kleinian groups,
Acta. Math. 153 (1984),
259-277. MR
86c:58093
- [Su6]
-
D. Sullivan, Disjoint Spheres, Approximation by
Imaginary
Quadratic Numbers and the Logarithmic Law for
Geodesics, Acta Math. 149 (1982)
215-237. MR
84j:58097
- [TT]
-
S. J. Taylor, C. Tricot, Packing measure, and
its evaluation for a Brownian
path, Trans. A.M.S. 288 (1985), 679-699. MR
87a:28002
- [Th]
-
W. Thurston, Three-Dimensional Geometry and Topology,
Princeton University Press, 1997. MR
97m:57016
- [U1]
-
M. Urbanski, On Some Aspects of Fractal Dimensions
in Higher Dimensional Dynamics, in Proc. of the
Göttingen Workshop
Problems on Higher Dimensional Complex
Dynamics, Mathematica Gottingensis 3 (1995) 18-25.
- [U2]
-
M. Urbanski, On Hausdorff dimension of a Julia
set with a rationally
indifferent periodic point, Studia Math. 97 (1991),
167-188. MR
93a:58146
- [U3]
-
M. Urbanski, Rational functions with no recurrent
critical points,
Ergod. Th. and Dynam. Sys. 14 (1994), 391-414.
MR
95g:58191
- [U4]
-
M. Urbanski, Geometry and ergodic theory of conformal
nonrecurrent
dynamics, Ergod. Th. and Dynam. Sys. 17 (1997),
1449-1476. MR
99j:58178
- [UZ]
-
M. Urbanski, A. Zdunik, Hausdorff dimension of
harmonic measure for
self-conformal sets, Adv. Math. 171 (2002), 1-58.
- [UZ1]
-
M. Urbanski, M. Zinsmeister, Geometry of hyperbolic
Julia-Lavaurs
sets, Indagationes Math. 12 (2001) 273 - 292.
- [UZ2]
-
M. Urbanski, M. Zinsmeister, Continuity of Hausdorff
dimension of
Julia-Lavaurs sets as a function of the phase,
Journal of Conformal
Geometry and Dynamics, 5 (2001), 140-152. MR
2002j:37058
- [Vo]
-
A. Volberg, On the dimension of harmonic measure
of
Cantor repellers, Mich. Math. J. 40 (1993), 239-258.
MR
95d:30043
- [Wa1]
-
P. Walters, An introduction to ergodic theory,
Springer-Verlag, 1982.
MR
84e:28017
- [Wa2]
-
P. Walters, A variational principle for the pressure
of continuous
transformations, Amer. J. Math. 97 (1975), 937
- 971. MR
52:11006
- [Zd]
-
A. Zdunik, Parabolic orbifolds and the dimension
of maximal
measure for rational maps, Inv. Math. 99 (1990),
627-649. MR
90m:58120
- [Zi1]
-
M. Zinsmeister (after A. Douady), Basic parabolic
implosions in five
days, Preprint 1997/8.
- [Zi2]
-
M. Zinsmeister, Fleur de Leau-Fatou et dimension
de Hausdorff,
C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. I Math. 326
(1998), 1227-1232. MR
99j:58180
Similar Articles:
Retrieve articles in Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society
with MSC
(2000):
35F35, 37D35, 37F15, 37D20, 37D25, 37D45, 37A40, 37A05
Retrieve articles in all Journals with MSC
(2000):
35F35, 37D35, 37F15, 37D20, 37D25, 37D45, 37A40, 37A05
Additional Information:
Mariusz
Urbanski
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, University of North Texas, P.O. Box 311430, Denton, Texas 76203-1430
Email:
urbanski@unt.edu
DOI:
10.1090/S0273-0979-03-00985-6
PII:
S 0273-0979(03)00985-6
Received by editor(s):
December 22, 1999,
Received by editor(s) in revised form:
January 8, 2003
Posted:
April 8, 2003
Additional Notes:
Research partially supported by NSF Grant DMS 9801583
Copyright of article:
Copyright
2003,
American Mathematical Society
|