Preperiodic portraits for unicritical polynomials over a rational function field

Abstract:

Let $K$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, and let $\mathcal {K} := K(t)$ be the rational function field over $K$. For each $d \ge 2$, we consider the unicritical polynomial $f_d(z) := z^d + t \in \mathcal {K}[z]$, and we ask the following question: If we fix $\alpha \in \mathcal {K}$ and integers $M \ge 0$, $N \ge 1$, and $d \ge 2$, does there exist a place $\mathfrak {p} \in \mathrm {Spec} K[t]$ such that, modulo $\mathfrak {p}$, the point $\alpha$ enters into an $N$-cycle after precisely $M$ steps under iteration by $f_d$? We answer this question completely, concluding that the answer is generally affirmative and explicitly giving all counterexamples. This extends previous work by the author in the case that $\alpha$ is a constant point.