A sharp weak type $(p,p)$ inequality $(p>2)$ for martingale transforms and other subordinate martingales
HTML articles powered by AMS MathViewer
- by Jiyeon Suh PDF
- Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 357 (2005), 1545-1564 Request permission
Abstract:
If $(d_{n})_{n\geq 0}$ is a martingale difference sequence, $(\varepsilon _{n})_{n\geq 0}$ a sequence of numbers in $\{ 1,-1\}$, and $n$ a positive integer, then \[ P(\max _{0\leq m\leq n}\vert \sum _{k=0}^{m} \varepsilon _{k}d_{k}\vert \geq 1) \leq \alpha _{p}\Vert \sum _{k=0}^{n} d_{k}\Vert _{p}^{p}. \] Here $\alpha _{p}$ denotes the best constant. If $1\leq p\leq 2$, then $\alpha _{p}= 2/\Gamma (p+1)$ as was shown by Burkholder. We show here that $\alpha _p=p^{p-1}/2$ for the case $p > 2$, and that $p^{p-1}/2$ is also the best constant in the analogous inequality for two martingales $M$ and $N$ indexed by $[0,\infty )$, right continuous with limits from the left, adapted to the same filtration, and such that $[M,M]_t-[N,N]_t$ is nonnegative and nondecreasing in $t$. In Section 7, we prove a similar inequality for harmonic functions.References
- Milton Abramowitz and Irene A. Stegun (eds.), Handbook of mathematical functions with formulas, graphs, and mathematical tables, Dover Publications, Inc., New York, 1992. Reprint of the 1972 edition. MR 1225604
- Albert Baernstein II, Some sharp inequalities for conjugate functions, Indiana Univ. Math. J. 27 (1978), no. 5, 833–852. MR 503717, DOI 10.1512/iumj.1978.27.27055
- Rodrigo Bañuelos and Gang Wang, Sharp inequalities for martingales with applications to the Beurling-Ahlfors and Riesz transforms, Duke Math. J. 80 (1995), no. 3, 575–600. MR 1370109, DOI 10.1215/S0012-7094-95-08020-X
- Rodrigo Bañuelos and Gang Wang, Orthogonal martingales under differential subordination and applications to Riesz transforms, Illinois J. Math. 40 (1996), no. 4, 678–691. MR 1415025
- Rodrigo Bañuelos and Gang Wang, Davis’s inequality for orthogonal martingales under differential subordination, Michigan Math. J. 47 (2000), no. 1, 109–124. MR 1755259, DOI 10.1307/mmj/1030374671
- D. L. Burkholder, Martingale transforms, Ann. Math. Statist. 37 (1966), 1494–1504. MR 208647, DOI 10.1214/aoms/1177699141
- D. L. Burkholder, Boundary value problems and sharp inequalities for martingale transforms, Ann. Probab. 12 (1984), no. 3, 647–702. MR 744226
- D. L. Burkholder, A sharp and strict $L^p$-inequality for stochastic integrals, Ann. Probab. 15 (1987), no. 1, 268–273. MR 877602
- Donald L. Burkholder, Sharp inequalities for martingales and stochastic integrals, Astérisque 157-158 (1988), 75–94. Colloque Paul Lévy sur les Processus Stochastiques (Palaiseau, 1987). MR 976214
- Donald L. Burkholder, Differential subordination of harmonic functions and martingales, Harmonic analysis and partial differential equations (El Escorial, 1987) Lecture Notes in Math., vol. 1384, Springer, Berlin, 1989, pp. 1–23. MR 1013814, DOI 10.1007/BFb0086792
- Donald L. Burkholder, Explorations in martingale theory and its applications, École d’Été de Probabilités de Saint-Flour XIX—1989, Lecture Notes in Math., vol. 1464, Springer, Berlin, 1991, pp. 1–66. MR 1108183, DOI 10.1007/BFb0085167
- Donald L. Burkholder, Strong differential subordination and stochastic integration, Ann. Probab. 22 (1994), no. 2, 995–1025. MR 1288140
- Donald L. Burkholder, Sharp norm comparison of martingale maximal functions and stochastic integrals, Proceedings of the Norbert Wiener Centenary Congress, 1994 (East Lansing, MI, 1994) Proc. Sympos. Appl. Math., vol. 52, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 1997, pp. 343–358. MR 1440921, DOI 10.1090/psapm/052/1440921
- Burgess Davis, On the weak type $(1,\,1)$ inequality for conjugate functions, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 44 (1974), 307–311. MR 348381, DOI 10.1090/S0002-9939-1974-0348381-6
- Claude Dellacherie and Paul-André Meyer, Probabilities and potential. B, North-Holland Mathematics Studies, vol. 72, North-Holland Publishing Co., Amsterdam, 1982. Theory of martingales; Translated from the French by J. P. Wilson. MR 745449
- Sam Perlis, Maximal orders in rational cyclic algebras of composite degree, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 46 (1939), 82–96. MR 15, DOI 10.1090/S0002-9947-1939-0000015-X
- M. Essén, On sharp constants in the weak type $(p,p)$-inequalities, $2<p<\infty$, Report No. 43 1999/2000, Institut Mittag-Leffler.
- Hiroshi Kunita and Shinzo Watanabe, On square integrable martingales, Nagoya Math. J. 30 (1967), 209–245. MR 217856
- Andrei D. Polyanin and Valentin F. Zaitsev, Handbook of exact solutions for ordinary differential equations, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1995. MR 1396087
- Philip Protter, Stochastic integration and differential equations, Applications of Mathematics (New York), vol. 21, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1990. A new approach. MR 1037262, DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-02619-9
- Bogusław Tomaszewski, Some sharp weak-type inequalities for holomorphic functions on the unit ball of $\textbf {C}^n$, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 95 (1985), no. 2, 271–274. MR 801337, DOI 10.1090/S0002-9939-1985-0801337-6
- Gang Wang, Differential subordination and strong differential subordination for continuous-time martingales and related sharp inequalities, Ann. Probab. 23 (1995), no. 2, 522–551. MR 1334160
Additional Information
- Jiyeon Suh
- Affiliation: Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
- Email: jsuh@stat.purdue.edu
- Received by editor(s): February 19, 2003
- Received by editor(s) in revised form: November 4, 2003
- Published electronically: September 23, 2004
- © Copyright 2004 American Mathematical Society
- Journal: Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 357 (2005), 1545-1564
- MSC (2000): Primary 60G44, 60G42; Secondary 60G46
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1090/S0002-9947-04-03563-9
- MathSciNet review: 2115376