|
The lower bound of the -indices of surface links via quandle cocycle invariants
Author(s):
Masahide
Iwakiri
Journal:
Trans. Amer. Math. Soc.
362
(2010),
1189-1210.
MSC (2000):
Primary 57Q45
Posted:
September 23, 2009
MathSciNet review:
2563726
Retrieve article in:
PDF
Abstract |
References |
Similar articles |
Additional information
Abstract:
The -index of a surface link is the minimal number of the triple points of surface braids representing . In this paper, for a given -cocycle, we consider the minimal number of the -indices of surface links whose quandle cocycle invariants associated with are non-trivial, and denote it . In particular, we show that and , where is Mochizuki's -cocycle of the dihedral quandle of order and is an odd prime integer . As a consequence, for a given non-negative integer , there are surface knots with genus with the -index .
References:
-
- 1.
- S. Asami and S. Satoh, An infinite family of non-invertible surfaces in
-space, Bull. London Math. Soc. 37 (2005), 285-296. MR 2119028 (2005k:57044) - 2.
- J. S. Carter, D. Jelsovsky, S. Kamada, L. Langford and M. Saito, Quandle cohomology and state-sum invariants of knotted curves and surfaces, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc., 355 (2003), 3947-3989. MR 1990571 (2005b:57048)
- 3.
- J. S. Carter, D. Jelsovsky, S. Kamada and M. Saito, Computations of quandle cocycle invariants of knotted curves and surfaces, Adv. in Math., 157 (2001), 36-94. MR 1808844 (2001m:57009)
- 4.
- J. S. Carter, M. Saito and S. Satoh, Ribbon concordance of surface-knots via quandle cocycle invariants, J. Aust. Math. Soc. 80 (2006), 131-147. MR 2212320 (2006k:57066)
- 5.
- R. Fenn, C. Rourke and B. Sanderson, James bundles and applications, Proc. London Math. Soc. (3) 89 (2004), 217-240. MR 2063665 (2005d:55006)
- 6.
- I. Hasegawa, The lower bound of the
-indices of non-ribbon surface-links, Osaka J. Math., 41 (2004), 891-909. MR 2116344 (2005k:57045) - 7.
- E. Hatakenaka, An estimate of the triple point numbers of surface-knots by quandle cocycle invariants, Topology Appl. 139 (2004), 129-144. MR 2051101 (2005d:57036)
- 8.
- S. Kamada, Surfaces in
of braid index three are ribbon, J. Knot Theory Ramifications, 1 (1992), 137-160. MR 1164113 (93h:57039) - 9.
- S. Kamada,
-dimensional braids and chart descriptions, Topics in Knot Theory, 277-287, NATO ASI series C, 399 (Erzurum/Turkey 1992), Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1992. MR 1257915 - 10.
- S. Kamada, A characterization of groups of closed orientable surfaces in
-space, Topology, 33 (1994), 113-122. MR 1259518 (95a:57002) - 11.
- S. Kamada, An observation of surface braids via chart description, J. Knot Theory Ramifications, 4 (1996), 517-529. MR 1406718 (97j:57009)
- 12.
- S. Kamada, Braid and knot theory in dimension four, Math. Surveys Monogr. 95, Amer. Math. Soc., 2002. MR 1900979 (2003d:57050)
- 13.
- T. Mochizuki, Some calculations of cohomology groups of finite Alexander quandles, J. Pure Appl. Algebra 179 (2003), 287-330. MR 1960136 (2004b:55013)
- 14.
- T. Nagase, A. Shima, Properties of minimal charts and their applications. I, J. Math. Sci. Univ. Tokyo 14 (2007), 69-97. MR 2320385 (2008c:57040)
- 15.
- M. Ochiai, T. Nagase, A. Shima, There exists no minimal
-chart with five white vertices, Proc. Sch. Sci. Tokai Univ. 40 (2005), 1-18. MR 2138333 (2006b:57035) - 16.
- S. Satoh, A. Shima, The
-twist-spun trefoil has the triple point number four, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 356 (2004), 1007-1024. MR 1984465 (2004k:57032) - 17.
- S. Satoh, A. Shima, Triple point numbers and quandle cocycle invariants of knotted surfaces in
-space, New Zealand J. Math. 34 (2005), 71-79. MR 2141479 (2006e:57031) - 18.
- O. Ya. Viro, Lecture given at Osaka City University, September, 1990.
Similar Articles:
Retrieve articles in Transactions of the American Mathematical
Society
with
MSC (2000):
57Q45
Retrieve articles in all Journals with
MSC (2000):
57Q45
Additional Information:
Masahide
Iwakiri
Affiliation:
Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
Email:
iwakiri@sci.osaka-cu.ac.jp
DOI:
10.1090/S0002-9947-09-04769-2
PII:
S 0002-9947(09)04769-2
Received by editor(s):
June 4, 2007
Posted:
September 23, 2009
Additional Notes:
This paper was supported by JSPS Research Fellowships for Young Scientists and the 21 COE program ``Constitution of wide-angle mathematical basis focused on knots''.
Copyright of article:
Copyright
2009,
American Mathematical Society
The copyright for this article reverts to public domain after 28 years from publication.
|