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Codimension growth of special simple Jordan algebras
Authors:
Antonio Giambruno and Mikhail Zaicev
Journal:
Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 362 (2010), 3107-3123
MSC (2000):
Primary 17C05, 16P90; Secondary 16R10
Posted:
December 22, 2009
MathSciNet review:
2592948
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Abstract: Let be a special simple Jordan algebra over a field of characteristic zero. We exhibit a noncommutative Jordan polynomial multialternating on disjoint sets of variables which is not a polynomial identity of . We then study the growth of the polynomial identities of the Jordan algebra through an analysis of its sequence of Jordan codimensions. By exploiting the basic properties of the polynomial , we are able to compute the exponential rate of growth of the sequence of Jordan codimensions of and prove that it equals the dimension of the Jordan algebra over its center. We also show that for any finite dimensional special Jordan algebra, such an exponential rate of growth cannot be strictly between and .
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A. Bahturin, S.
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S.
P. Mishchenko, Lower bounds on the dimensions of irreducible
representations of symmetric groups and of the exponents of the exponential
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V.
M. Petrogradskiĭ, Growth of polynilpotent varieties of Lie
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P. Razmyslov, Identities of algebras and their
representations, Translations of Mathematical Monographs,
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Amitai
Regev, Existence of identities in 𝐴⊗𝐵,
Israel J. Math. 11 (1972), 131–152. MR 0314893
(47 #3442)
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V. Zaicev, Varieties and identities of affine Kac-Moody
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V. Zaĭtsev, Integrality of exponents of growth of identities
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no. 3, 463–487. MR 1921808
(2003g:17004), http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/IM2002v066n03ABEH000386
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Zaicev, M. V.; Mishchenko, S. P. The growth of varieties of Lie superalgebras with nilpotent commutator subalgebra, preprint.
- 25.
K.
A. Zhevlakov, A.
M. Slin′ko, I.
P. Shestakov, and A.
I. Shirshov, Rings that are nearly associative, Pure and
Applied Mathematics, vol. 104, Academic Press Inc. [Harcourt Brace
Jovanovich Publishers], New York, 1982. Translated from the Russian by
Harry F. Smith. MR 668355
(83i:17001)
- 1.
- Bahturin, Yu. A.; Sehgal, S. K.; Zaicev, M. V., Group gradings on associative algebras, J. Algebra 241 (2001), 677-698. MR 1843319 (2002h:16067)
- 2.
- Bahturin, Yu.; Zaicev, M., Group gradings on simple Lie algebras of type ``
'', J. Lie Theory 16 (2006), 719-742. MR 2270657 (2007i:17037)
- 3.
- Berele, A.; Regev, A., Hook Young diagrams with applications to combinatorics and to representations of Lie superalgebras, Adv. Math. 64 (1987), no. 2, 118-175. MR 884183 (88i:20006)
- 4.
- Berele, A.; Regev, A., Exponential growth for codimensions of some p.i. algebras, J. Algebra 241 (2001), 118-145. MR 1838847 (2002k:16046)
- 5.
- Giambruno, A.; Mishchenko, S.; and Zaicev, M., Algebras with intermediate growth of the codimensions, Adv. in Appl. Math. 37 (2006), no. 3, 360-377. MR 2261178 (2007g:16033)
- 6.
- Giambruno, A.; Mishchenko, S.; and Zaicev, M., Codimension growth of two-dimensional non-associative algebras, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 135 (2007), no. 11, 3405-3415 MR 2336552 (2008f:17005)
- 7.
- Giambruno, A.; Mishchenko, S.; Zaicev, M., Codimensions of algebras and growth functions, Adv. Math. 217 (2008), 1027-1052. MR 2383893
- 8.
- Giambruno, A.; Mishchenko, S.; and Zaicev, M., Polynomial identities of algebras of smal l dimension, Comm. Algebra (to appear).
- 9.
- Giambruno, A.; Regev, A.; Zaicev, M. V., Simple and semisimple Lie algebras and codimension growth, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 352 (2000), no. 4, 1935-1946. MR 1637070 (2000i:17006)
- 10.
- Giambruno, A.; Zaicev, M., Exponential codimension growth of P.I. algebras: An exact estimate, Adv. Math. 142 (1999), 221-243. MR 1680198 (2000a:16048)
- 11.
- Giambruno, A.; Zaicev, M., Polynomial Identities and Asymptotic Methods, Mathematical Surveys and Monographs Vol. 122, American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 2005. MR 2176105 (2006g:16054)
- 12.
- Giambruno, A.; Zaicev, M., Multialternating Jordan polynomials and codimension growth of matrix algebras, Linear Algebra Appl. 422 (2007), 372-379. MR 2305126 (2008c:17022)
- 13.
- Goto, M.; Grosshans, F. D., Semisimple Lie algebras, Lecture Notes in Pure and Applied Mathematics, Vol. 38, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York-Basel, 1978. MR 0573070 (58:28084)
- 14.
- Jacobson, N., Structure and representations of Jordan algebras, American Mathematical Society Colloquium Publications, Vol. XXXIX, American Mathematical Society, Providence, R.I. 1968. MR 0251099 (40:4330)
- 15.
- James, G.; Kerber, A., The Representation Theory of the Symmetric Group, Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its Applications, Vol. 16, Addison-Wesley, London, 1981. MR 644144 (83k:20003)
- 16.
- Kemer, A. R. The Spechtian nature of
-ideals whose codimensions have power growth. (Russian) Sibirsk. Mat. Ž. 19 (1978), no. 1, 54-69; translation in Siberian Math. J., 19 (1978), 37-48. MR 0466190 (57:6070)
- 17.
- Mishchenko, S. P., Growth of varieties of Lie algebras, (Russian) Uspekhi Mat. Nauk 45 (1990), 25-45, 189; translation in Russian Math. Surveys 45 (1990), 27-52. MR 1101331 (92g:17003)
- 18.
- Mishchenko, S. P. Lower bounds on the dimensions of irreducible representations of symmetric groups and of the exponents of the exponential of varieties of Lie algebras. (Russian) Mat. Sb. 187 (1996), no. 1, 83-94; translation in Sb. Math. 187 (1996), no. 1, 81-92 MR 1380205 (97d:17003)
- 19.
- Petrogradskiĭ, V. M., Growth of polynilpotent varieties of Lie algebras, and rapidly increasing entire functions, (Russian) Mat. Sb. 188 (1997), no. 6, 119-138; translation in Sb. Math. 188 (1997), no. 6, 913-931. MR 1479133 (99a:17008)
- 20.
- Razmyslov, Yu. P., Identities of algebras and their representations, Translations of Mathematical Monographs, Vol. 138, American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, 1994. MR 1291603 (95i:16022)
- 21.
- Regev, A., Existence of identities in
, Israel J. Math. 11 (1972), 131-152. MR 0314893 (47:3442)
- 22.
- Zaicev, M. V., Varieties and identities of affine Kac-Moody algebras, Methods in ring theory, 303-314, Lecture Notes in Pure and Appl. Math., 198, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1998. MR 1767987 (2001j:17045)
- 23.
- Zaicev, M., Integrality of exponents of growth of identities of finite-dimensional Lie algebras, (Russian), Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk Ser. Mat. 66 (2002), 23-48; English translation: Izv. Math. 66 (2002), 463-487. MR 1921808 (2003g:17004)
- 24.
- Zaicev, M. V.; Mishchenko, S. P. The growth of varieties of Lie superalgebras with nilpotent commutator subalgebra, preprint.
- 25.
- Zhevlakov, K. A.; Slin'ko, A. M.; Shestakov, I. P.; Shirshov, A. I. Rings that are nearly associative. Pure and Applied Mathematics, 104. Academic Press, Inc., New York-London, 1982. MR 668355 (83i:17001)
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Additional Information
Antonio Giambruno
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Matematica e Applicazioni, Università di Palermo, Via Archirafi 34, 90123 Palermo, Italy
Email:
a.giambruno@unipa.it
Mikhail Zaicev
Affiliation:
Department of Algebra, Faculty of Mathematics and Mechanics, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992 Russia
Email:
zaicev@mech.math.msu.su
DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/S0002-9947-09-04865-X
PII:
S 0002-9947(09)04865-X
Keywords:
Polynomial identity,
special Jordan algebra,
codimensions,
exponential growth
Received by editor(s):
April 16, 2008
Posted:
December 22, 2009
Additional Notes:
The first author was partially supported by MIUR of Italy
The second author was partially supported by RFBR grant No. 06-01-00485 and SSC-5666.2006.1
Article copyright:
© Copyright 2009 American Mathematical Society
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