Skip to main content
Log in

Cranks andt-cores

  • Published:
Inventiones mathematicae Aims and scope

Summary

New statistics on partitions (calledcranks) are defined which combinatorially prove Ramanujan's congruences for the partition function modulo 5, 7, 11, and 25. Explicit bijections are given for the equinumerous crank classes. The cranks are closely related to thet-core of a partition. Usingq-series, some explicit formulas are given for the number of partitions which aret-cores. Some related questions for self-conjugate and distinct partitions are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Andrews, G.E.: The theory of partitions. Encyclopedia of Mathematics and Its Applications, Vol. 2. Rota, G.-C. (ed.), Reading, MA:, Addison-Wesley 1976 (reissued by Cambridge Univ. Press, London and New York, 1985)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Andrews, G.E.: Applications of basic hypergeometric functions SIAM Rev.16, 441–484 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Andrews, G.E., Garvan, F.G.: Dyson's crank of a partition. Bull. Am. Math. Soc.18, 167–171 (1988)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Atkin, A.O.L.: Proof of a conjecture of Ramanujan. Glasgow Math. J.8, 14–32 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Atkin, A.O.L., Swinnerton-Dyer, P.: Some properties of partitions. Proc. Lond. Math. Soc., III. Ser.4, 84–106 (1954)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bailey, W.N.: A note on two of Ramanujan's formulae. Q. J. Math. Oxf. II. Ser.,3, 29–31 (1952)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Dyson, F.: Some guesses in the theory of partitions. Eureka (Cambridge),8, 10–15 (1944)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Fine, N.: On a system of modular functions connected with the Ramanujan identities. Tohoku Math. J.8, 149–164 (1956)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Garvan, F.: New combinatorial interpretations of Ramanujan's partition congruences mod 5, 7 and 11. Trans. Am. Math. Soc.305, 47–77 (1988)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Garvan, F.: The crank of partitions mod 8, 9 and 10. Preprint

  11. Garvan, F., Stanton, D.: Sieved partition functions andq-binomial coefficients. Math. Comput. (to appear)

  12. Hardy, G.H., Wright, E.M.: An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers. London: Oxford Univ. Press 1979

    Google Scholar 

  13. James, G., Kerber, A.: The Representation Theory of the Symmetric Group. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley 1981

    Google Scholar 

  14. Koblitz, N.: Introduction to Elliptic Curves and Modular Forms. New York: Springer, 1984

    Google Scholar 

  15. Kolberg, O.: Some identities involving the partition function. Math. Scand5, 77–92, (1957)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Kolberg, O.: An elementary discussion of certain modular forms. Univ. Bergen Arb. naturv. r. Nr. 19. (1959)

  17. Morris, A., Yaseen, K.: Some combinatorial results for shifted Young diagrams. Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc.,99, 23–31 (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Olsson, J.: Frobenius symbols for partitions and degrees of spin characters. Math. Scand.61, 223–247 (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Ramanujan, S.: Collected Papers of S. Ramanujan. London, New York: Cambridge Univ. Press 1927 (reprinted by Chelsea, New York, 1962)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Watson, G.N.: Ramanujans Vermutung über Zerfällungsanzahlen. J. Reine Angew. Math.179, pp. 97–128 (1938)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Watson, G.N.: Proof of certain identities in combinatory analysis. J. Ind. Math. Soc.20, 57–69 (1933)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

This work was partially supported by NSF grant DMS: 8700995

Oblatum 16-IX-1989

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Garvan, F., Kim, D. & Stanton, D. Cranks andt-cores. Invent Math 101, 1–17 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01231493

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01231493

Keywords

Navigation