References
Bers, L.: Local behavior of solutions of general linear elliptic equations. Comm. Pure Appl. Math.8, 473–496 (1955)
Cheng, S.-Y.: Eigenfunctions and Nodal Sets. Comment. Math. Helv.51, 43–55 (1976)
Feustel, C.D.: Some applications of Waldhausen's results on irreducible 3-manifolds. Trans. Am. Math. Soc.149, 575–583 (1970)
Freedman, M.: A conservative Dehn's lemma
Freedman, M., Hass, J., Scott, P.: Closed geodesics on surfaces. Bull. London Math. Soc.14, 385–391 (1982)
Gulliver, R.: Regularity of minimising surfaces of prescribed mean curvature. Annals of Math.97, 275–305 (1973)
Hass, J.: Embedded minimal surfaces in three and four dimensional manifolds. Thesis, University of California, Berkeley 1981
Hempel, J.: 3-manifolds, Annals of Math. Studies No. 86, Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J. 1976
Jaco, W.: Finitely presented subgroups of 3-manifold groups. Invent. Math.13, 335–346 (1971)
Lemaire, L.: Boundary value problems for harmonic and minimal maps of surfaces into manifolds. Annali della Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa9, 91–103 (1982)
Lu, Y.-C.: Singularity theory and an introduction to catastrophe theory. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1976
Meeks, W.H. III: Lectures on Plateau's Problem, I.M.P.A., Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1978
Meeks, W.H., III, Yau, S.T.: Topology of three dimensional manifolds and the embedding problems in minimal surface theory. Annals of Math.112, 441–485 (1980)
Meeks, W.H., III, Yau, S.T.: The classical plateau problem and the topology of three dimensional manifolds. Topology21, 409–442 (1982)
Meeks, W.H., Yau, S.T.: The existence of embedded minimal surfaces and the problem of uniqueness. Math. Z.179, 151–168 (1982)
Osserman, R.: A survey of minimal surfaces. Rheinhold Mathematical Studies Vol.25. Van Nostrand 1969
Sacks, J., Uhlenbeck, K.: Minimal immersions of closed riemann surfaces
Schoen, R., Yau, S.T.: Existence of incompressible minimal surfaces and the topology of three dimensional manifolds with non-negative scalar curvature. Annals of Math.110, 127–142 (1979)
Scott, P.: On sufficiently large 3-manifolds. Q. J. Math., Oxford (2)23, 159–172 (1972)
Scott, P.: Subgroups of surface groups are almost geometric. J. London Math. Soc. (2)17, 555–565, (1978)
Stallings, J.R.: On fibering certain 3-manifolds (Proc. The Univ. of Georgia Inst., 1961) Prentice Hall 1962, 120–167
Uhlenbeck, K.: Minimal embeddings of surfaces in hyperbolic 3-manifolds
Waldhausen, F.: On irreducible 3-manifolds which are sufficiently large. Annals of Math.87, 56–88 (1968)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Freedman, M., Hass, J. & Scott, P. Least area incompressible surfaces in 3-manifolds. Invent Math 71, 609–642 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02095997
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02095997