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Math ImageryThe connection between mathematics and art goes back thousands of years. Mathematics has been used in the design of Gothic cathedrals, Rose windows, oriental rugs, mosaics and tilings. Geometric forms were fundamental to the cubists and many abstract expressionists, and award-winning sculptors have used topology as the basis for their pieces. Dutch artist M.C. Escher represented infinity, Möbius bands, tessellations, deformations, reflections, Platonic solids, spirals, symmetry, and the hyperbolic plane in his works.

Mathematicians and artists continue to create stunning works in all media and to explore the visualization of mathematics--origami, computer-generated landscapes, tesselations, fractals, anamorphic art, and more.

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Home > Knots
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27-torus.jpg

"The 27-Crossing Torus Knot T(9,4)," by Dror Bar-Natan (University of Toronto, Canada)

This is an example of a torus knot. A torus is a surface best described as a doughnut. A torus knot can be thought of as looping around and through the torus. The symbol T(9,4) means that the string making the knot loops through the hole of the torus 9 times, making 4 revolutions. This knot is drawn with TubePlot.

--- Dror Bar-Natan

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Bridges: Mathematical Connections in Art, Music, and Science
M.C. Escher: the Official Website
Images and Mathematics, MathArchives
The Institute for Figuring
Kalendar, by Herwig Hauser
The KnotPlot Site
Mathematical Imagery by Jos Leys
Mathematics Museum (Japan)
Visual Mathematics Journal
Mathematical Art Exhibit at University of Richmond
Art & Music, MathArchives
Geometry in Art & Architecture, by Paul Calter (Dartmouth College)
Harmony and Proportion, by John Boyd-Brent
International Society of the Arts, Mathematics and Architecture
Journal of Mathematics and the Arts
Mathematics and Art, the April 2003 Feature Column by Joe Malkevitch
Maths and Art: the whistlestop tour, by Lewis Dartnell
Mathematics and Art, (The theme for Mathematics Awareness Monthin 2003)
Viewpoints: Mathematics and Art, by Annalisa Crannell (Franklin & Marshall College) and Marc Frantz (Indiana University)