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Fixed point sets of deformations of polyhedra with local cut points
Author(s):
Peter
Wolfenden
Journal:
Trans. Amer. Math. Soc.
350
(1998),
2457-2471.
MSC (1991):
Primary 54C99;
Secondary 05C90
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Abstract:
A locally finite simplicial complex is said to be 2-dimensionally connected if is connected. Such spaces exhibit ``classical'' behavior in that they all admit deformations with one fixed point, and they admit fixed point free deformations if and only if the Euler characteristic is zero. A result of G.-H. Shi implies that, for non 2-dimensionally connected spaces, the fixed point sets of deformations are equivalent to the fixed point sets of certain combinatorial maps which he calls good displacements. U. K. Scholz combined Shi's results with a theorem of P. Hall to obtain a characterization of all finite simplicial complexes which admit fixed point free deformations. In this paper we begin by explicitly capturing the combinatorial structure of a non 2-dimensionally connected polyhedron in a bipartite graph. We then apply an extended version of Hall's theorem to this graph to get a realization theorem which gives necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a deformation with a prescribed finite fixed point set. Scholz's result, and a characterization of all finite simplicial complexes without fixed point free deformations that admit deformations with a single fixed point follow immediately from this realization theorem.
References:
- 1.
- P. Hall, On representatives of subsets, J. London Math Soc. 10 (1935), 26-30.
- 2.
- T.-H. Kiang, The Theory of Fixed Point Classes, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1989. MR 90h:55002
- 3.
- O. Ore, Theory of Graphs, Amer. Math Soc., Providence, RI, 1962. MR 27:740
- 4.
- U. K. Scholz, Fixed point free deformations on compact polyhedra, Nonlinear Functional Analysis and its Applications. D. Reidel Publishing Co., 1986, 387-392. MR 87k:55002
- 5.
- G.-H. Shi, On the least number of fixed points for infinite complexes, Pacific J. Math. 103, No. 2 (1982), 377-387. MR 85h:55005
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Additional Information:
Peter
Wolfenden
Affiliation:
AF BBN Planet, Inc., Palo Alto, California 94303
Email:
wolfen@bbnplanet.com
DOI:
10.1090/S0002-9947-98-01941-2
PII:
S 0002-9947(98)01941-2
Keywords:
Deformation,
fixed point,
local cut point,
part,
welding vertex,
marriage theorem
Received by editor(s):
June 20, 1995
Received by editor(s) in revised form:
August 12, 1996
Copyright of article:
Copyright
1998,
American Mathematical Society
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