Adjusted forms of the Fourier coefficient asymptotic expansion and applications in numerical quadrature

The conventional Fourier coefficient asymptotic expansion is derived by means of a specific contour integration. An adjusted expansion is obtained by deforming this contour. A corresponding adjustment to the Euler-Maclaurin expansion exists. The effect of this adjustment in the error functional for a general quadrature rule is investigated. It is the same as the effect of subtracting out a pair of complex poles from the integrand, using an unconventional subtraction function. In certain applications, the use of this subtraction function is of practical value.

An incidental result is a direct proof of Erdélyi's formula for the Fourier coefficient asymptotic expansion, valid when $f(x)$ has algebraic or logarithmic singularities, but is otherwise analytic.