A non-treelike continuum that is not the 2-to-1 image of any continuum

Heath, Jo

doi:10.1090/S0002-9939-96-03735-5

A non-treelike continuum that is not the 2-to-1 image of any continuum
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Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 124 (1996), 3571-3578 Request permission

Abstract:

Some thirteen years ago S. B. Nadler, Jr. and L. E. Ward, Jr., asked if any treelike continuum could be the 2-to-1 image of a continuum. In fact, it has been conjectured that the property of being treelike characterizes those continua that are not the 2-to-1 image of any continuum. But the characterization must be something else; this paper shows that many pseudo-solenoids are not the 2-to-1 image of any continuum.

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