The Gauss-Bonnet formula of polytopal manifolds and the characterization of embedded graphs with nonnegative curvature
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Abstract:
Let $M$ be a connected $d$-manifold without boundary obtained from a (possibly infinite) collection $\mathcal P$ of polytopes of ${\mathbb R}^d$ by identifying them along isometric facets. Let $V(M)$ be the set of vertices of $M$. For each $v\in V(M)$, define the discrete Gaussian curvature $\kappa _M(v)$ as the normal angle-sum with sign, extended over all polytopes having $v$ as a vertex. Our main result is as follows: If the absolute total curvature $\sum _{v\in V(M)}|\kappa _M(v)|$ is finite, then the limiting curvature $\kappa _M(p)$ for every end $p\in \operatorname {End} M$ can be well-defined and the Gauss-Bonnet formula holds: \[ \sum _{v\in V(M)\cup \operatorname {End} M}\kappa _M(v)=\chi (M). \] In particular, if $G$ is a (possibly infinite) graph embedded in a $2$-manifold $M$ without boundary such that every face has at least $3$ sides, and if the combinatorial curvature $\Phi _G(v)\geq 0$ for all $v\in V(G)$, then the number of vertices with nonvanishing curvature is finite. Furthermore, if $G$ is finite, then $M$ has four choices: sphere, torus, projective plane, and Klein bottle. If $G$ is infinite, then $M$ has three choices: cylinder without boundary, plane, and projective plane minus one point.References
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Additional Information
- Beifang Chen
- Affiliation: Department of Mathematics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
- Email: mabfchen@ust.hk
- Received by editor(s): March 2, 2007
- Received by editor(s) in revised form: February 15, 2008, and July 6, 2008
- Published electronically: November 20, 2008
- Additional Notes: The author was supported in part by the RGC Competitive Earmarked Research Grants 600703 and 600506.
- Communicated by: Jon G. Wolfson
- © Copyright 2008
American Mathematical Society
The copyright for this article reverts to public domain 28 years after publication. - Journal: Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 137 (2009), 1601-1611
- MSC (2000): Primary 05C10, 52B70; Secondary 05C75, 57M15, 57N05, 57P99
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1090/S0002-9939-08-09739-6
- MathSciNet review: 2470818