Abstract
In this paper, we formulate a uniform mathematical framework for studying switched systems with piecewise linear partitioned state space and state dependent switching. Based on known results from the theory of differential inclusions, we devise a Lyapunov stability theorem suitable for this class of switched systems. With this, we prove a Lyapunov stability theorem for piecewise linear switched systems by means of a concrete class of Lyapunov functions. Contrary to existing results on the subject, the stability theorems in this paper include Filippov (or relaxed) solutions and allow infinite switching in finite time. Finally, we show that for a class of piecewise linear switched systems, the inertia of the system is not sufficient to determine its stability. A number of examples are provided to illustrate the concepts discussed in this paper.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
D. Liberzon. Switching in Systems and Control. Boston: Birkhauser, 2003.
A. J. van der Schaft, H. Schumacher. An Introduction to Hybrid Dynamical Systems. London: Springer-Verlag, 2000.
W. M. Haddad, V. Chellaboina, S. G. Nersesov. Impulsive and Hybrid Dynamical Systems: Stability, Dissipativity, and Control. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2006.
R. Wisniewki, L. Larsen. Method for analysis of synchronisation applied to supermarket refrigeration system. Proceedings of the IFAC World Congress. Seoul, 2008: 3665–3670.
F. H. Clarke, Y. S. Ledyaev, R. J. Stern. Asymptotic stability and smooth Lyapunov functions. Differential Equations, 1998, 1499(1): 69–114.
M. Johansson, A. Rantzer. Computation of piecewise quadratic Lyapunov functions for hybrid systems. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 1998, 43(4): 555–559.
A. Rantzer, M. Johansson. Piecewise linear quadratic optimal control. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2000, 45(4): 629–637.
S. Pettersson, B. Lennartson. Stability and robustness for hybrid systems. Proceedings of the 35th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control. New York: IEEE, 1996: 1202–1207.
S. Pettersson, B. Lennartson. Hybrid system stability and robustness verification using linear matrix inequalities. International Journal of Control, 2002, 75(16): 1335–1355.
S. Boyd, L. E. Ghaoui, E. Feron, et al. Linear Matrix Inequalities in System and Control Theory. Philadelphia: SIAM, 1994.
K. Derinkuyu, M. C. Pinar. On the S-procedure and some variants. Mathematical Methods of Operations Research, 2006, 64(1): 55–77.
A. Ostrowski, H. Schneider. Some theorems on the inertia of general matrices. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 1962, 4(1): 72–84.
A. F. Filippov. Differential Equations with Discontinuous Righthand Sides. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988 (in Russian).
J. P. Aubin, A. Cellina. Differential Inclusions. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1984.
G. V. Smirnov. Introduction to the Theory of Differential Inclusions. Providence: American Mathematical Society, 2002.
J. P. Aubin, J. Lygeros, M. Quincampoix, et al. Impulse differential inclusions: a viability approach to hybrid systems. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2002, 47(1): 2–20.
J. I. Imura, A. van der Schaft. Characterization of well-posedness of piecewise-linear systems. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2000, 45(9): 1600–1619.
A. Bemporad, G. Ferrari-Trecate, M. Morari. Observability and controllability of piecewise affine and hybrid systems. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 2000, 45(10): 1864–1876.
M. S. Branicky. Multiple lyapunov functions and other analysis tools for switched and hybrid systems. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 1998, 43(4): 475–482.
R. T. Rockafellar. Convex Analysis. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1970.
J. P. Aubin, H. Frankowska. Set-valued Analysis. Boston: Birkhauser, 1990.
B. Grunbaum. Convex Polytopes. 2nd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag, 2003.
P. Hartman. Ordinary Differential Equations. Philadelphia: SIAM, 2002.
J. Jr. Palis, W. de Melo, A. K. Manning. Geometric Theory of Dynamical Systems. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1982.
J. Cort’es. Discontinuous dynamical systems: a tutorial on solutions, nonsmooth analysis, and stability. IEEE Control Systems Magazine, 2008, 28(3): 36–73.
R. Shorten, F. Wirth, O. Mason, et al. Stability criteria for switched and hybrid systems. SIAM Review, 2007, 49(4): 545–592.
W. H. Greub. Linear Algebra. 3rd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1967.
S. Roman. Advanced Linear Algebra. 2nd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag, 2005.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This research was supported by the Danish Council for Technology and Innovation.
John LETH received his M.S (2003) and Ph.D. (2007) degrees from the Department of Mathematical Sciences, Aalborg University, Denmark. Currently, he is employed as a postdoctoral researcher at the Department of Electronic Systems, Aalborg University. His research interests include mathematical control theory and hybrid systems.
Rafael WISNIEWSKI is a professor in the Section of Automation & Control, Department of Electronic Systems, Aalborg University. He receives his Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering in 1997, and Ph.D. in Mathematics in 2005. In 2007–2008, he was a control specialist at Danfoss A/S. His research interest is in system theory, in particular hybrid system.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Leth, J., Wisniewski, R. On formalism and stability of switched systems. J. Control Theory Appl. 10, 176–183 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11768-012-0138-3
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11768-012-0138-3