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Simple groups, permutation groups, and probability
Authors:
Martin W. Liebeck and Aner Shalev
Journal:
J. Amer. Math. Soc. 12 (1999), 497-520
MSC (1991):
Primary 20D06; Secondary 20P05
MathSciNet review:
1639620
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Abstract: We derive a new bound for the minimal degree of an almost simple primitive permutation group, and settle a conjecture of Cameron and Kantor concerning the base size of such a group. Additional results concern random generation of simple groups, and the so-called genus conjecture of Guralnick and Thompson. Our proofs are based on probabilistic arguments, together with a new result concerning the size of the intersection of a maximal subgroup of a classical group with a conjugacy class of elements.
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Aschbacher and Gary
M. Seitz, Involutions in Chevalley groups over fields of even
order, Nagoya Math. J. 63 (1976), 1–91. MR 0422401
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László
Babai, On the order of uniprimitive permutation groups, Ann.
of Math. (2) 113 (1981), no. 3, 553–568. MR 621016
(83j:20010), http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2006997
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Peter
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Peter
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John
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D. Gluck, Á. Seress and A. Shalev, Bases for primitive permutation groups and a conjecture of Babai, J. Algebra 199 (1998), 367-378. CMP 98:06
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Gorenstein and Richard
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vii+731. MR
690900 (84g:20025)
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Robert
M. Guralnick, The genus of a permutation group, Groups,
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Robert
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R.M. Guralnick and K. Magaard, On the minimal degree of a primitive permutation group, J. Algebra 207 (1998), 127-145. CMP 98:17
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Robert
M. Guralnick and John
G. Thompson, Finite groups of genus zero, J. Algebra
131 (1990), no. 1, 303–341. MR 1055011
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J.
I. Hall, Martin
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M. Kantor and Alexander
Lubotzky, The probability of generating a finite classical
group, Geom. Dedicata 36 (1990), no. 1,
67–87. MR
1065213 (91j:20041), http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00181465
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Peter
Kleidman and Martin
Liebeck, The subgroup structure of the finite classical
groups, London Mathematical Society Lecture Note Series,
vol. 129, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1990. MR 1057341
(91g:20001)
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Martin
W. Liebeck, On the orders of maximal subgroups of the finite
classical groups, Proc. London Math. Soc. (3) 50
(1985), no. 3, 426–446. MR 779398
(87a:20046), http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/plms/s3-50.3.426
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Martin
W. Liebeck, On minimal degrees and base sizes of primitive
permutation groups, Arch. Math. (Basel) 43 (1984),
no. 1, 11–15. MR 758332
(86d:20004), http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01193603
- [LP]
Martin
W. Liebeck and Chris
Wayman Purvis, On the genus of a finite classical group, Bull.
London Math. Soc. 29 (1997), no. 2, 159–164. MR 1425992
(98h:20086), http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/S0024609396002135
- [LPy]
M.W. Liebeck and L. Pyber, Upper bounds for the number of conjugacy classes of a finite group, J. Algebra 198 (1997), 538-562. CMP 98:06
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Martin
W. Liebeck and Jan
Saxl, Minimal degrees of primitive permutation groups, with an
application to monodromy groups of covers of Riemann surfaces, Proc.
London Math. Soc. (3) 63 (1991), no. 2,
266–314. MR 1114511
(92f:20003), http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/plms/s3-63.2.266
- [LiSh1]
Martin
W. Liebeck and Aner
Shalev, The probability of generating a finite simple group,
Geom. Dedicata 56 (1995), no. 1, 103–113. MR 1338320
(96h:20116), http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01263616
- [LiSh2]
Martin
W. Liebeck and Aner
Shalev, Classical groups, probabilistic methods, and the
(2,3)-generation problem, Ann. of Math. (2) 144
(1996), no. 1, 77–125. MR 1405944
(97e:20106a), http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2118584
- [LPS]
Martin
W. Liebeck, Cheryl
E. Praeger, and Jan
Saxl, On the 2-closures of finite permutation groups, J.
London Math. Soc. (2) 37 (1988), no. 2,
241–252. MR
928521 (89b:20009), http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/jlms/s2-37.2.241
- [Ma]
Wilhelm
Magnus, Noneuclidean tesselations and their groups, Academic
Press [A subsidiary of Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers], New
York-London, 1974. Pure and Applied Mathematics, Vol. 61. MR 0352287
(50 #4774)
- [Sh1]
A. Shalev, A theorem on random matrices and some applications, J. Algebra 199 (1998), 124-141. CMP 98:06
- [Sh2]
Aner
Shalev, Random generation of simple groups by two conjugate
elements, Bull. London Math. Soc. 29 (1997),
no. 5, 571–576. MR 1458717
(98h:20122), http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/S002460939700338X
- [Shi]
T. Shih, Bounds of Fixed Point Ratios of Permutation Representations of
and Groups of Genus Zero, Ph.D. Thesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, 1990.
- [Wa]
G.
E. Wall, On the conjugacy classes in the unitary, symplectic and
orthogonal groups, J. Austral. Math. Soc. 3 (1963),
1–62. MR
0150210 (27 #212)
- [As]
- M. Aschbacher, On the maximal subgroups of the finite classical groups, Invent. Math. 76 (1984), 469-514. MR 86a:20054
- [AS]
- M. Aschbacher and G.M. Seitz, Involutions in Chevalley groups over finite fields of even order, Nagoya Math. J. 63 (1976), 1-91. MR 54:10391
- [Ba]
- L. Babai, On the order of uniprimitive permutation groups, Annals of Math. 113 (1981), 553-568. MR 83j:20010
- [Ca1]
- P.J. Cameron, Some open problems on permutation groups, in Groups, Combinatorics and Geometry (eds: M.W. Liebeck and J. Saxl), London Math. Soc. Lecture Note Series 165, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1992, 340-350. MR 94c:20005
- [Ca2]
- P.J. Cameron, Permutation groups, in Handbook of Combinatorics (eds: R.L. Graham et al.), Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam, 1995, 611-645. MR 97e:20002
- [CK]
- P.J. Cameron and W.M. Kantor, Random permutations: some group-theoretic aspects, Combinatorics, Probability and Computing 2 (1993), 257-262. MR 95b:20006
- [CIK]
- C.W. Curtis, N. Iwahori and R. Kilmoyer, Hecke algebras and characters of parabolic type of finite groups with
-pairs, IHES Publ. Math. 40 (1972), 81-116. MR 50:494
- [Di]
- J.D. Dixon, The probability of generating the symmetric group, Math. Z. 110 (1969), 199-205. MR 40:4985
- [GSSh]
- D. Gluck, Á. Seress and A. Shalev, Bases for primitive permutation groups and a conjecture of Babai, J. Algebra 199 (1998), 367-378. CMP 98:06
- [GL]
- D. Gorenstein and R. Lyons, The local structure of finite groups of characteristic 2 type, Memoirs Amer. Math. Soc. 42, No. 276 (1983). MR 84g:20025
- [Gu]
- R.M. Guralnick, The genus of a permutation group, in Groups, Combinatorics and Geometry (eds: M.W. Liebeck and J. Saxl), London Math. Soc. Lecture Note Series 165 (1992), 351-363. MR 94a:20006
- [GK]
- R.M. Guralnick and W.M. Kantor, Probabilistic generation of finite simple groups, J. Algebra, to appear.
- [GKS]
- R.M. Guralnick, W.M. Kantor and J. Saxl, The probability of generating a classical group, Comm. in Algebra 22 (1994), 1395-1402. MR 95a:20030
- [GLSS]
- R.M. Guralnick, M.W. Liebeck, J. Saxl and A. Shalev, Random generation of finite simple groups, to appear.
- [GM]
- R.M. Guralnick and K. Magaard, On the minimal degree of a primitive permutation group, J. Algebra 207 (1998), 127-145. CMP 98:17
- [GT]
- R.M. Guralnick and J.G. Thompson, Finite groups of genus zero, J. Alg. 131 (1990), 303-341. MR 91e:20006
- [HLS]
- J. Hall, M.W. Liebeck and G.M. Seitz, Generators for finite simple groups, with applications to linear groups, Quart. J. Math. 43 (1992), 441-458. MR 93k:20030
- [KL]
- W.M. Kantor and A. Lubotzky, The probability of generating a finite classical group, Geom. Ded. 36 (1990), 67-87. MR 91j:20041
- [KLi]
- P.B. Kleidman and M.W. Liebeck, The Subgroup Structure of the Finite Classical Groups, London Math. Soc. Lecture Note Series 129, Cambridge University Press, 1990. MR 91g:20001
- [Li1]
- M.W. Liebeck, On the orders of maximal subgroups of the finite classical groups, Proc. London Math. Soc. 50 (1985), 426-446. MR 87a:20046
- [Li2]
- M.W. Liebeck, On minimal degrees and base sizes of primitive permutation groups, Arch. Math. 43 (1984), 11-15. MR 86d:20004
- [LP]
- M.W. Liebeck and C.W. Purvis, On the genus of a finite classical group, Bull. London Math. Soc. 29 (1997), 159-164. MR 98h:20086
- [LPy]
- M.W. Liebeck and L. Pyber, Upper bounds for the number of conjugacy classes of a finite group, J. Algebra 198 (1997), 538-562. CMP 98:06
- [LS]
- M.W. Liebeck and J. Saxl, Minimal degrees of primitive permutation groups, with an application to monodromy groups of covers of Riemann surfaces, Proc. London Math. Soc. (3) 63 (1991), 266-314. MR 92f:20003
- [LiSh1]
- M.W. Liebeck and A. Shalev, The probability of generating a finite simple group, Geom. Ded. 56 (1995), 103-113. MR 96h:20116
- [LiSh2]
- M.W. Liebeck and A. Shalev, Classical groups, probabilistic methods, and the (2,3)-generation problem, Annals of Math. 144 (1996), 77-125. MR 97e:20106a
- [LPS]
- M.W. Liebeck, C.E. Praeger and J. Saxl, On the 2-closures of primitive permutation groups, J. London Math. Soc. 37 (1988), 241-252. MR 89b:20009
- [Ma]
- W. Magnus, Non-Euclidean Tesselations and Their Groups, Academic Press, New York - London, 1974. MR 50:4774
- [Sh1]
- A. Shalev, A theorem on random matrices and some applications, J. Algebra 199 (1998), 124-141. CMP 98:06
- [Sh2]
- A. Shalev, Random generation of simple groups by two conjugate elements, Bull. London Math. Soc. 29 (1997), 571-576. MR 98h:20122
- [Shi]
- T. Shih, Bounds of Fixed Point Ratios of Permutation Representations of
and Groups of Genus Zero, Ph.D. Thesis, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, 1990.
- [Wa]
- G. E. Wall, On the conjugacy classes in the unitary, symplectic and orthogonal groups, J. Austral. Math. Soc. 3 (1965), 1-62. MR 27:212
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Additional Information
Martin W. Liebeck
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, Imperial College, London SW7 2BZ, England
Email:
m.liebeck@ic.ac.uk
Aner Shalev
Affiliation:
Institute of Mathematics, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
Email:
shalev@math.huji.il
DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/S0894-0347-99-00288-X
PII:
S 0894-0347(99)00288-X
Received by editor(s):
May 14, 1998
Received by editor(s) in revised form:
August 26, 1998
Additional Notes:
The second author acknowledges the support of the Israel Science Foundation, administered by the Israeli Academy of Sciences and Humanities.
Article copyright:
© Copyright 1999 American Mathematical Society
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