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Branching random walk with exponentially decreasing steps, and stochastically self-similar measures
Authors:
Itai Benjamini, Ori Gurel-Gurevich and Boris Solomyak
Journal:
Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 361 (2009), 1625-1643
MSC (2000):
Primary 60J80; Secondary 60G57, 28A80
Posted:
October 23, 2008
MathSciNet review:
2457411
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Abstract: We consider a Branching Random Walk on whose step size decreases by a fixed factor, , with each turn. This process generates a random probability measure on ; that is, the limit of uniform distribution among the particles of the -th step. We present an initial investigation of the limit measure and its support. We show, in particular, that (1) for almost every the limit measure is almost surely (a.s.) absolutely continuous with respect to the Lebesgue measure, but for Pisot it is a.s. singular; (2) for all the support of the measure is a.s. the closure of its interior; (3) for Pisot the support of the measure is ``fractured'': it is a.s. disconnected, and the components of the complement are not isolated on both sides.
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- M. Arbeiter, Random recursive construction of self-similar fractal measures. The noncompact case, Probab. Th. Rel. Fields 88 (1991), 497-520. MR 1105715 (92m:60040)
- 2.
- M. Arbeiter, Construction of random fractal measures by branching processes, Stochastics and Stochastics Reports 39 (1992), 195-212. MR 1275122 (95j:60072)
- 3.
- K. B. Athreya and P. E. Ney, Branching Processes, Springer, New York, 1972. MR 0373040 (51:9242)
- 4.
- I. Benjamini and H. Kesten, Percolation of arbitrary words in
, Annals of Prob. 23 (1995), 1024-1060. MR 1349161 (97a:60140)
- 5.
- M. J. Bertin, A. Decomps-Guilloux, M. Grandet-Hugot, M. Pathiaux-Delefosse, J. P. Shreiber, Pisot and Salem Numbers. Birkhäuser, 1992. MR 1187044 (93k:11095)
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- C. Bluhm, Fourier asymptotics of statistically self-similar measures, J. Fourier Analysis and Appl. 5 (1999), 355-362. MR 1700089 (2000j:28005)
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- J. Borwein and R. Girgensohn, Functional equations and distribution functions, Results in Math. 26 (1994), 229-237. MR 1300602 (96b:39019)
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- P. Erdős, On a family of symmetric Bernoulli convolutions, Amer. J. Math. 61 (1939), 974-975. MR 0000311 (1:52a)
- 9.
- P. Erdős, On the smoothness properties of Bernoulli convolutions, Amer. J. Math. 62 (1940), 180-186. MR 0000858 (1:139e)
- 10.
- P. Erdős, I. Jóo and V. Komornik, Characterization of the unique expansions
and related problems, Bull. Soc. Math. Fr. 118 (1990), 377-390. MR 1078082 (91j:11006)
- 11.
- S. N. Evans, Polar and nonpolar sets for a tree indexed process, Ann. Prob. 20 (1992), 579-590. MR 1159560 (93e:60156)
- 12.
- K. J. Falconer, Random fractals, Math. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. 100 (1986), 559-582. MR 857731 (88e:28005)
- 13.
- A. M. Garsia, Arithmetic properties of Bernoulli convolutions, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 102 (1962), 409-432. MR 0137961 (25:1409)
- 14.
- P. Glendinning and N. Sidorov, Unique representations of real numbers in non-integer bases, Math. Res. Letters 8 (2001), 535-543. MR 1851269 (2002i:11009)
- 15.
- S. Graf, Statistically self-similar fractals, Probab. Th. Rel. Fields 74 (1987), 357-392. MR 873885 (88c:60038)
- 16.
- J. Hawkes, Trees generated by a simple branching process, J. London Math. Soc. (2) 24 (1981), 373-384. MR 631950 (83b:60072)
- 17.
- J. E. Hutchinson, Fractals and self-similarity, Indiana Univ. Math. J. 30 (1981), 713-747. MR 625600 (82h:49026)
- 18.
- J. E. Hutchinson and L. Rüschendorf, Random fractal measures via the contraction method, Indiana Univ. Math. J. 47 (1998), 471-487. MR 1647916 (99j:60019)
- 19.
- T. Jordan, M. Pollicott and K. Simon, Hausdorff dimension for randomly perturbed self affine attractors, Comm. Math. Physics 270 (2007), 519-544. MR 2276454 (2007m:37051)
- 20.
- V. Komornik and P. Loreti, Unique developments in non-integer bases, Amer. Math. Monthly 105 (1998), 636-639. MR 1633077 (99k:11017)
- 21.
- R. Lyons, Random walks and percolation on trees, Ann. Probab. 18 (1990), 931-958. MR 1062053 (91i:60179)
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- R. D. Mauldin and S. C. Williams, Random recursive constructions: asymptotic geometric and topological properties, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 295 (1986), 325-346. MR 831202 (87j:60027)
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- P. Mendes and F. Oliveira, On the topological structure of the arithmetic sum of two Cantor sets, Nonlinearity 7 (1994), 329-343. MR 1267692 (95j:58123)
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- 26.
- Y. Peres and W. Schlag, Smoothness of projections, Bernoulli convolutions, and the dimension of exceptions, Duke Math. J. 102 (2000), no. 2, 193-251. MR 1749437 (2001d:42013)
- 27.
- Y. Peres, W. Schlag and B. Solomyak, Sixty years of Bernoulli convolutions, Fractal Geometry and Stochastics II, C. Bandt, S. Graf, and M. Zähle (editors), Progress in Probability Vol. 46, 39-65, Birkhäuser, 2000. MR 1785620 (2001m:42020)
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- Y. Peres, K. Simon and B. Solomyak, Absolute continuity for random iterated function systems with overlaps, J. London Math. Soc. (2) 74 (2006), 739-756. MR 2286443 (2007m:37053)
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- Y. Peres and B. Solomyak, Self-similar measures and intersections of Cantor sets, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 350 (1998), 4065-4087. MR 1491873 (98m:26009)
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- Y. Peres and B. Solomyak, Problems on self-similar sets and self-affine sets: an update, Fractal Geometry and Stochastics II, C. Bandt, S. Graf, and M. Zähle (editors), Progress in Probability Vol. 46, 95-106, Birkhäuser, 2000. MR 1785622 (2001e:28014)
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- K. Simon and H. Tóth, The absolute continuity of the distribution of random sums with digits
, Real Anal. Exchange 30 (2004/05), no. 1, 397-409. MR 2127546 (2005m:28014)
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- B. Solomyak, On the random series
(an Erdős problem), Annals of Math. 142 (1995), 611-625. MR 1356783 (97d:11125)
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- U. Zäehle, Self-similar random measures. I. Notion, carrying Hausdorff dimension, and hyperbolic distribution, Probab. Th. Rel. Fields 80 (1988), 79-100. MR 970472 (89m:28014)
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Additional Information
Itai Benjamini
Affiliation:
Department of Theoretical Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
Ori Gurel-Gurevich
Affiliation:
Department of Theoretical Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
Address at time of publication:
Theory Group, Microsoft Research, One Microsoft Way, Redmond, Washington 98052
Boris Solomyak
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, University of Washington, Box 354350, Seattle, Washington 98195
Email:
solomyak@math.washington.edu
DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/S0002-9947-08-04523-6
PII:
S 0002-9947(08)04523-6
Keywords:
Random fractal measures,
Bernoulli convolutions
Received by editor(s):
August 15, 2006
Received by editor(s) in revised form:
April 6, 2007
Posted:
October 23, 2008
Additional Notes:
The research of the third author was partially supported by NSF grant DMS 0355187.
Article copyright:
© Copyright 2008 American Mathematical Society
The copyright for this article reverts to public domain 28 years after publication.
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