Uniform stability and mean-field limit of a thermodynamic Cucker-Smale model
Authors:
Seung-Yeal Ha, Jeongho Kim, Chan Ho Min, Tommaso Ruggeri and Xiongtao Zhang
Journal:
Quart. Appl. Math. 77 (2019), 131-176
MSC (2010):
Primary 70F99, 92B25
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1090/qam/1517
Published electronically:
September 5, 2018
MathSciNet review:
3897922
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Abstract: We present a uniform-in-time stability and uniform mean-field limit of a thermodynamic Cucker-Smale model with small diffusion velocityf (for short, the SDV-TCS model). The original Cucker-Smale model deals with flocking dynamics of mechanical particles, in which the position and momentum are only macroscopic observables. Thus, the original Cucker-Smale model cannot describe some thermodynamic phenomena resulting from the temperature variations among particles and internal variables not taken into account. In [SIAM J. Math. Anal. 50 (2018), pp. 3092–3121] and [Arch. Rational. Mech. Anal. 223 (2017), pp. 1397–1425], a new thermodynamically consistent particle model was proposed from the system of gas mixtures in a rational way. In this paper, we discuss two issues for the SDV-TCS model. First we present a uniform stability of the SDV-TCS model with respect to initial data in the sense that the distance between two solutions is uniformly bounded by that of initial data in a mixed Lebesgue norm. Second, we derive a uniform mean-field limit from the SDV-TCS model to the Vlasov-type kinetic equation for some class of initial data whose empirical measure approximation guarantees exponential flocking in the SDV-TCS model.
References
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- Renjun Duan, Massimo Fornasier, and Giuseppe Toscani, A kinetic flocking model with diffusion, Comm. Math. Phys. 300 (2010), no. 1, 95–145. MR 2725184, DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s00220-010-1110-z
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- Seung-Yeal Ha, Jeongho Kim, and Tommaso Ruggeri, Emergent behaviors of thermodynamic Cucker-Smale particles, SIAM J. Math. Anal. 50 (2018), no. 3, 3092–3121. MR 3814022, DOI https://doi.org/10.1137/17M111064X
- S.-Y. Ha, J. Kim, C. Min, T. Ruggeri, and X. Zhang, A global existence of classical solutions to the hydrodynamic Cucker-Smale model in presence of a temperature field, To appear in Analysis and Applications.
- Seung-Yeal Ha, Jeongho Kim, and Xiongtao Zhang, Uniform stability of the Cucker-Smale model and its application to the mean-field limit, Kinet. Relat. Models 11 (2018), no. 5, 1157–1181. MR 3810860, DOI https://doi.org/10.3934/krm.2018045
- Seung-Yeal Ha, Moon-Jin Kang, and Bongsuk Kwon, A hydrodynamic model for the interaction of Cucker-Smale particles and incompressible fluid, Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci. 24 (2014), no. 11, 2311–2359. MR 3244783, DOI https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218202514500225
- Seung-Yeal Ha, Moon-Jin Kang, and Bongsuk Kwon, Emergent dynamics for the hydrodynamic Cucker-Smale system in a moving domain, SIAM J. Math. Anal. 47 (2015), no. 5, 3813–3831. MR 3411721, DOI https://doi.org/10.1137/140984403
- Seung-Yeal Ha, Corrado Lattanzio, Bruno Rubino, and Marshall Slemrod, Flocking and synchronization of particle models, Quart. Appl. Math. 69 (2011), no. 1, 91–103. MR 2807979, DOI https://doi.org/10.1090/S0033-569X-2010-01200-7
- Seung-Yeal Ha, Kiseop Lee, and Doron Levy, Emergence of time-asymptotic flocking in a stochastic Cucker-Smale system, Commun. Math. Sci. 7 (2009), no. 2, 453–469. MR 2536447
- Seung-Yeal Ha and Jian-Guo Liu, A simple proof of the Cucker-Smale flocking dynamics and mean-field limit, Commun. Math. Sci. 7 (2009), no. 2, 297–325. MR 2536440
- Seung-Yeal Ha and Tommaso Ruggeri, Emergent dynamics of a thermodynamically consistent particle model, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 223 (2017), no. 3, 1397–1425. MR 3594359, DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s00205-016-1062-3
- Seung-Yeal Ha and Marshall Slemrod, Flocking dynamics of singularly perturbed oscillator chain and the Cucker-Smale system, J. Dynam. Differential Equations 22 (2010), no. 2, 325–330. MR 2665438, DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s10884-009-9142-9
- Seung-Yeal Ha and Eitan Tadmor, From particle to kinetic and hydrodynamic descriptions of flocking, Kinet. Relat. Models 1 (2008), no. 3, 415–435. MR 2425606, DOI https://doi.org/10.3934/krm.2008.1.415
- Zhuchun Li and Seung-Yeal Ha, On the Cucker-Smale flocking with alternating leaders, Quart. Appl. Math. 73 (2015), no. 4, 693–709. MR 3432279, DOI https://doi.org/10.1090/S0033-569X-2015-01401-9
- Zhuchun Li and Xiaoping Xue, Cucker-Smale flocking under rooted leadership with fixed and switching topologies, SIAM J. Appl. Math. 70 (2010), no. 8, 3156–3174. MR 2763499, DOI https://doi.org/10.1137/100791774
- Sebastien Motsch and Eitan Tadmor, A new model for self-organized dynamics and its flocking behavior, J. Stat. Phys. 144 (2011), no. 5, 923–947. MR 2836613, DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s10955-011-0285-9
- Sebastien Motsch and Eitan Tadmor, Heterophilious dynamics enhances consensus, SIAM Rev. 56 (2014), no. 4, 577–621. MR 3274797, DOI https://doi.org/10.1137/120901866
- H. Neunzert, An introduction to the nonlinear Boltzmann-Vlasov equation, Kinetic theories and the Boltzmann equation (Montecatini, 1981) Lecture Notes in Math., vol. 1048, Springer, Berlin, 1984, pp. 60–110. MR 740721, DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0071878
- L. Perea, P. Elosegui, and G. Gómez, Extension of the Cucker-Smale control law to space flight formation, J. of Guidance, Control and Dynamics 32 (2009), 527–537.
- T. Ruggeri and S. Simić, Average temperature and Maxwellian iteration in multitemperature mixtures of fluids, Physical Review E 80 (2009), 026317.
- Tommaso Ruggeri and Srboljub Simić, On the hyperbolic system of a mixture of Eulerian fluids: a comparison between single- and multi-temperature models, Math. Methods Appl. Sci. 30 (2007), no. 7, 827–849. MR 2310555, DOI https://doi.org/10.1002/mma.813
- Tommaso Ruggeri and Masaru Sugiyama, Rational extended thermodynamics beyond the monatomic gas, Springer, Cham, 2015. MR 3379901
- Jackie Shen, Cucker-Smale flocking under hierarchical leadership, SIAM J. Appl. Math. 68 (2007/08), no. 3, 694–719. MR 2375291, DOI https://doi.org/10.1137/060673254
- John Toner and Yuhai Tu, Flocks, herds, and schools: a quantitative theory of flocking, Phys. Rev. E (3) 58 (1998), no. 4, 4828–4858. MR 1651324, DOI https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.58.4828
- Chad M. Topaz and Andrea L. Bertozzi, Swarming patterns in a two-dimensional kinematic model for biological groups, SIAM J. Appl. Math. 65 (2004), no. 1, 152–174. MR 2111591, DOI https://doi.org/10.1137/S0036139903437424
- Tamás Vicsek, András Czirók, Eshel Ben-Jacob, Inon Cohen, and Ofer Shochet, Novel type of phase transition in a system of self-driven particles, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 (1995), no. 6, 1226–1229. MR 3363421, DOI https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1226
- Cédric Villani, Optimal transport, Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften [Fundamental Principles of Mathematical Sciences], vol. 338, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2009. Old and new. MR 2459454
References
- Shin Mi Ahn and Seung-Yeal Ha, Stochastic flocking dynamics of the Cucker-Smale model with multiplicative white noises, J. Math. Phys. 51 (2010), no. 10, 103301, 17. MR 2761313, DOI https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3496895
- Hyeong-Ohk Bae, Young-Pil Choi, Seung-Yeal Ha, and Moon-Jin Kang, Asymptotic flocking dynamics of Cucker-Smale particles immersed in compressible fluids, Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. 34 (2014), no. 11, 4419–4458. MR 3223813, DOI https://doi.org/10.3934/dcds.2014.34.4419
- Hyeong-Ohk Bae, Young-Pil Choi, Seung-Yeal Ha, and Moon-Jin Kang, Time-asymptotic interaction of flocking particles and an incompressible viscous fluid, Nonlinearity 25 (2012), no. 4, 1155–1177. MR 2904273, DOI https://doi.org/10.1088/0951-7715/25/4/1155
- J. A. Carrillo, M. Fornasier, J. Rosado, and G. Toscani, Asymptotic flocking dynamics for the kinetic Cucker-Smale model, SIAM J. Math. Anal. 42 (2010), no. 1, 218–236. MR 2596552, DOI https://doi.org/10.1137/090757290
- José A. Carrillo, Massimo Fornasier, Giuseppe Toscani, and Francesco Vecil, Particle, kinetic, and hydrodynamic models of swarming, Mathematical modeling of collective behavior in socio-economic and life sciences, Model. Simul. Sci. Eng. Technol., Birkhäuser Boston, Inc., Boston, MA, 2010, pp. 297–336. MR 2744704, DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-8176-4946-3_12
- Junghee Cho, Seung-Yeal Ha, Feimin Huang, Chunyin Jin, and Dongnam Ko, Emergence of bi-cluster flocking for the Cucker-Smale model, Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci. 26 (2016), no. 6, 1191–1218. MR 3484572, DOI https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218202516500287
- Young-Pil Choi, Seung-Yeal Ha, and Zhuchun Li, Emergent dynamics of the Cucker-Smale flocking model and its variants, Active particles. Vol. 1. Advances in theory, models, and applications, Model. Simul. Sci. Eng. Technol., Birkhäuser/Springer, Cham, 2017, pp. 299–331. MR 3644594
- Felipe Cucker and Jiu-Gang Dong, Avoiding collisions in flocks, IEEE Trans. Automat. Control 55 (2010), no. 5, 1238–1243. MR 2642092, DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/TAC.2010.2042355
- Felipe Cucker and Ernesto Mordecki, Flocking in noisy environments, J. Math. Pures Appl. (9) 89 (2008), no. 3, 278–296 (English, with English and French summaries). MR 2401690, DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpur.2007.12.002
- Felipe Cucker and Steve Smale, Emergent behavior in flocks, IEEE Trans. Automat. Control 52 (2007), no. 5, 852–862. MR 2324245, DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/TAC.2007.895842
- Renjun Duan, Massimo Fornasier, and Giuseppe Toscani, A kinetic flocking model with diffusion, Comm. Math. Phys. 300 (2010), no. 1, 95–145. MR 2725184, DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s00220-010-1110-z
- Massimo Fornasier, Jan Haskovec, and Giuseppe Toscani, Fluid dynamic description of flocking via the Povzner-Boltzmann equation, Phys. D 240 (2011), no. 1, 21–31. MR 2740099, DOI https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physd.2010.08.003
- Seung-Yeal Ha, Jeongho Kim, and Tommaso Ruggeri, Emergent Behaviors of Thermodynamic Cucker–Smale Particles, SIAM J. Math. Anal. 50 (2018), no. 3, 3092–3121. MR 3814022, DOI https://doi.org/10.1137/17M111064X
- S.-Y. Ha, J. Kim, C. Min, T. Ruggeri, and X. Zhang, A global existence of classical solutions to the hydrodynamic Cucker-Smale model in presence of a temperature field, To appear in Analysis and Applications.
- Seung-Yeal Ha, Jeongho Kim, and Xiongtao Zhang, Uniform stability of the Cucker-Smale model and its application to the Mean-Field limit, Kinet. Relat. Models 11 (2018), no. 5, 1157–1181. MR 3810860, DOI https://doi.org/10.3934/krm.2018045
- Seung-Yeal Ha, Moon-Jin Kang, and Bongsuk Kwon, A hydrodynamic model for the interaction of Cucker-Smale particles and incompressible fluid, Math. Models Methods Appl. Sci. 24 (2014), no. 11, 2311–2359. MR 3244783, DOI https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218202514500225
- Seung-Yeal Ha, Moon-Jin Kang, and Bongsuk Kwon, Emergent dynamics for the hydrodynamic Cucker-Smale system in a moving domain, SIAM J. Math. Anal. 47 (2015), no. 5, 3813–3831. MR 3411721, DOI https://doi.org/10.1137/140984403
- Seung-Yeal Ha, Corrado Lattanzio, Bruno Rubino, and Marshall Slemrod, Flocking and synchronization of particle models, Quart. Appl. Math. 69 (2011), no. 1, 91–103. MR 2807979, DOI https://doi.org/10.1090/S0033-569X-2010-01200-7
- Seung-Yeal Ha, Kiseop Lee, and Doron Levy, Emergence of time-asymptotic flocking in a stochastic Cucker-Smale system, Commun. Math. Sci. 7 (2009), no. 2, 453–469. MR 2536447
- Seung-Yeal Ha and Jian-Guo Liu, A simple proof of the Cucker-Smale flocking dynamics and mean-field limit, Commun. Math. Sci. 7 (2009), no. 2, 297–325. MR 2536440
- Seung-Yeal Ha and Tommaso Ruggeri, Emergent dynamics of a thermodynamically consistent particle model, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 223 (2017), no. 3, 1397–1425. MR 3594359, DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s00205-016-1062-3
- Seung-Yeal Ha and Marshall Slemrod, Flocking dynamics of singularly perturbed oscillator chain and the Cucker-Smale system, J. Dynam. Differential Equations 22 (2010), no. 2, 325–330. MR 2665438, DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s10884-009-9142-9
- Seung-Yeal Ha and Eitan Tadmor, From particle to kinetic and hydrodynamic descriptions of flocking, Kinet. Relat. Models 1 (2008), no. 3, 415–435. MR 2425606, DOI https://doi.org/10.3934/krm.2008.1.415
- Zhuchun Li and Seung-Yeal Ha, On the Cucker-Smale flocking with alternating leaders, Quart. Appl. Math. 73 (2015), no. 4, 693–709. MR 3432279, DOI https://doi.org/10.1090/qam/1401
- Zhuchun Li and Xiaoping Xue, Cucker-Smale flocking under rooted leadership with fixed and switching topologies, SIAM J. Appl. Math. 70 (2010), no. 8, 3156–3174. MR 2763499, DOI https://doi.org/10.1137/100791774
- Sebastien Motsch and Eitan Tadmor, A new model for self-organized dynamics and its flocking behavior, J. Stat. Phys. 144 (2011), no. 5, 923–947. MR 2836613, DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/s10955-011-0285-9
- Sebastien Motsch and Eitan Tadmor, Heterophilious dynamics enhances consensus, SIAM Rev. 56 (2014), no. 4, 577–621. MR 3274797, DOI https://doi.org/10.1137/120901866
- H. Neunzert, An introduction to the nonlinear Boltzmann-Vlasov equation, Kinetic theories and the Boltzmann equation (Montecatini, 1981) Lecture Notes in Math., vol. 1048, Springer, Berlin, 1984, pp. 60–110. MR 740721, DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0071878
- L. Perea, P. Elosegui, and G. Gómez, Extension of the Cucker-Smale control law to space flight formation, J. of Guidance, Control and Dynamics 32 (2009), 527–537.
- T. Ruggeri and S. Simić, Average temperature and Maxwellian iteration in multitemperature mixtures of fluids, Physical Review E 80 (2009), 026317.
- Tommaso Ruggeri and Srboljub Simić, On the hyperbolic system of a mixture of Eulerian fluids: a comparison between single- and multi-temperature models, Math. Methods Appl. Sci. 30 (2007), no. 7, 827–849. MR 2310555, DOI https://doi.org/10.1002/mma.813
- Tommaso Ruggeri and Masaru Sugiyama, Rational extended thermodynamics beyond the monatomic gas, Springer, Cham, 2015. MR 3379901
- Jackie Shen, Cucker-Smale flocking under hierarchical leadership, SIAM J. Appl. Math. 68 (2007/08), no. 3, 694–719. MR 2375291, DOI https://doi.org/10.1137/060673254
- John Toner and Yuhai Tu, Flocks, herds, and schools: a quantitative theory of flocking, Phys. Rev. E (3) 58 (1998), no. 4, 4828–4858. MR 1651324, DOI https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.58.4828
- Chad M. Topaz and Andrea L. Bertozzi, Swarming patterns in a two-dimensional kinematic model for biological groups, SIAM J. Appl. Math. 65 (2004), no. 1, 152–174. MR 2111591, DOI https://doi.org/10.1137/S0036139903437424
- Tamás Vicsek, András Czirók, Eshel Ben-Jacob, Inon Cohen, and Ofer Shochet, Novel type of phase transition in a system of self-driven particles, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75 (1995), no. 6, 1226–1229. MR 3363421, DOI https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1226
- Cédric Villani, Optimal transport, Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften [Fundamental Principles of Mathematical Sciences], vol. 338, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2009. Old and new. MR 2459454
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Additional Information
Seung-Yeal Ha
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematical Sciences and Research Institute of Mathematics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Hoegiro 85, Seoul, 02455, Republic of Korea
MR Author ID:
684438
Email:
syha@snu.ac.kr
Jeongho Kim
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
MR Author ID:
1253471
Email:
jhkim206@snu.ac.kr
Chan Ho Min
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
Email:
chanhomin@snu.ac.kr
Tommaso Ruggeri
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics and Alma Mater Research Center on Applied Mathematics AM$^2$, University of Bologna, Italy
MR Author ID:
151655
ORCID:
0000-0002-7588-2074
Email:
tommaso.ruggeri@unibo.it
Xiongtao Zhang
Affiliation:
Center for Mathematical Science, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
MR Author ID:
1191666
Email:
xtzhang@hust.edu.cn
Received by editor(s):
April 25, 2018
Published electronically:
September 5, 2018
Additional Notes:
The work of the first author was supported by Samsung Science and Technology Foundation under Project Number SSTF-BA1401-0.
The work of the second author was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) under project number IRTG 2235.
The work of the fourth author was supported by the National Group of Mathematical Physics GNFM-INdAM and by the University of Bologna: FARB 2012 Project Extended Thermodynamics of Non-Equilibrium Processes from Macro-to-Nano scale.
The work of the last author was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11801194).
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